Delwedd:Simpson's paradox continuous.svg

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English: Illustration of the quantitative version of en:Simpson's paradox: a positive trend appears for two separate groups (blue and red), whereas a negative trend (black, dashed) appears when the groups are combined.
Dyddiad
Ffynhonnell Gwaith yr uwchlwythwr
Awdur Schutz

Example of the quantitative version of w:Simpson's paradox.

The graphic was created by User:Schutz for Wikipedia on 14 June 2007, using the R statistical project. The program that generated and exported the graphic is given below; the uploaded version was generated slightly differently to workaround a bug during the PS to SVG conversion with pstoedit command. The layout was slightly modified using Inkscape before upload. 

 
  x1 <- c(1,2,3,4)
  y1 <- x1 + 5
  
  x2 <- x1 + 7
  y2 <- x2 - 7
  
  x <- c(x1,x2)
  y <- c(y1,y2)
  
  postscript("simpson.eps", paper="special", width=4.5, height=3)
  
  par(las=1)
  par(mar=c(3,3,0.5,0.5))
  par(mgp=c(2,1,0))
  
  plot(x,y, cex=2, pch=21,
       col=rep(c("blue", "red"), each=4), bg=rep(c("lightblue", "pink"), each=4),
       xlim=range(x)+c(-2,2), ylim=range(y)+c(-2,2))
  abline(lm(y1 ~ x1), col="blue", lwd=2)
  abline(lm(y2 ~ x2), col="red", lwd=2)
  abline(lm(y  ~ x), lwd=2, lty=2)
  
  dev.off()
 
This W3C-unspecified chart was created with R.

Trwyddedu

Public domain Cafodd y gwaith hwn ei ryddhau i'r parth cyhoeddus gan ei awdur, I, Schutz. Mae hyn yn weithredol ledled y byd.
Hwyrach nad yw hyn yn bosib yn ôl cyfraith rhai gwledydd; os felly:
Mae I, Schutz yn rhoi i unrhywun yr hawl i ddefnyddio'r gwaith hwn at unrhyw ddiben, heb unrhyw amodau, oddieithr unrhyw amodau gofynnol yn ôl y gyfraith.
 
This W3C-unspecified chart was created with R.

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Simpson's paradox for quantitative data: a positive trend appears for two separate groups, whereas a negative trend appears when the groups are combined.

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14 Mehefin 2007

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cyfredol23:15, 13 Mehefin 2007Bawdlun y fersiwn am 23:15, 13 Mehefin 2007390 × 260 (18 KB)Schutz{{Information |Description=Illustration of the continuous version of Simpson's paradox |Source=self-made |Date=14 June 2007 |Author=Schutz }} Example of the continuous version of w:Simpson's paradox. The graphic was created by [[User

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