Tafodiaith

Amrywiad o iaith sydd yn nodweddiadol o grŵp penodol o siaradwyr yw tafodiaith. Gwelir tafodieithoedd gwahanol mewn rhanbarthau daearyddol gwahanol, ond gall hefyd gweld gwahaniaethau rhwng y ffordd siarader iaith o ganlyniad i ffactorau eraill, e.e. dosbarth cymdeithasol. Weithiau caiff tafodiaith ei chymysgu ag acen; cyfeirir acen at ynganiad nodweddiadol yn unig, tra bo tafodiaith yn cynnwys gramadeg a geirfa llafar hefyd. Gelwir astudiaeth tafodieithoedd yn dafodieitheg.

Enghreifftiau

Tafodiaith Penrhyn Gwyr http://www.gowermagazine.com/gower_dialect.htm Angletouch; a worm Back; iron plate, part of a dredge Bossey; a calf still running with its mother Carthen; winnowing sheet Bumbagus; the bittern (cf Welsh aderyn y bwn) Cassaddle; harness piece for a draught horse Charnel; box-like space above the fireplace, often used for hanging bacon Cloam: earthenware Cratch: haystack Culm: small coal used in lime-burning Deal: a litter (of pigs) Drashel: a flail Dumbledarry: cockchafer Evil: a three pronged dung-fork Galeeny: guinea-fowl Gambo: a cart, wagon Glaster: buttermilk in the churn [glasdwr?] Gurgins: coarse flour Hambrack: a straw horse-collar (cf rach) Holmes: holly Ipson: the quantity that can be held in a pair of cupped hands Jalap: liniment; laxative tonic Kerning: ripening; turning sour Kersey: cloth woven from fine wool Kittlebegs: gaiters Kyling: sea fishing Lake: small stream or brook Lansher: greensward between holdings in a common field or viel Mapsant: local saint’s feast day celebrations Mawn: arge wicker basket for animal feed Mort: pigfat; lard Mucka: a rickyard Nestletrip: smallest pig in a litter Oakwib: cockchafer Owlers: wool smugglers Pill: stream Pilmy: dusty Rach: the last sheaf of corn to be harvested Reremouse: the bat (animal) Riff: short wooden stick for sharpening a scythe Rying: fishing Shoat: a small wheaten loaf Slade: land sloping towards the sea Soul: cheese or butter, as eaten with bread Spleet: 1) a knitting needle, (2) a quarryman’s bar a stoat or weasel [Mwy am hyn cyn bo hir] a field, still used to describe the common field at Rhossili Vair Viel/Vile Want: a mole Wimbling: winnowing Witches: moths Zig: urine Zive: scythe Zongals: corn gleanings Zul/sul: a plough

Ffynonellau

• Crystal, D. 2005. How Language Works Penguin Books. ISBN 0-14-051538-0

Chwiliwch am tafodiaith
yn Wiciadur.